Size
- Diameter: about 7,500 miles (12,100 km)
- Venus is almost the same size as Earth.
Orbital speed
- About 35 km/s (78,000 mph)
Distance From the Sun
- About 67 million miles (108 million km) from the Sun.
Length of a Year: 225 Earth days
Length of a Day: 243 Earth days
Rotation Type: Retrograde
Mass
- 4.87 × 10²⁴ kg
Surface gravity
About 90% of Earth’s gravity
8.87 m/s²
Density
- 5.24 g/cm³
Temperature
- About 870°F (465°C) most of the time.
Moons
- 0 moons
Gravity
- About 90% of Earth’s gravity
Atmosphere
- The clouds have acid in them.
- Venus has very thick clouds.
- The air is mostly carbon dioxide.
Atmosphere
Venus has an extremely dense atmosphere.
Composition
- About 96.5% carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- About 3.5% nitrogen
Surface pressure
About 92 times Earth’s atmospheric pressure
Temperature
Venus has a runaway greenhouse effect.
Average surface temperature
- About 465°C (870°F)
Geology: Maxwell Montes
- Tallest mountain on Venus
- About 11 km high
Venus has a rocky surface with:
- Large volcanic plains
- Thousands of volcanoes
- Mountain ranges
- Large lava flows
Periodic Table
- Carbon (C) — in CO2 (dominant atmospheric gas)
- Oxygen (O) — in CO2, SO2, H2O, and sulfates
- Nitrogen (N) — as N2 (minor atmospheric component)
- Sulfur (S) — in SO2 and sulfuric-acid cloud particles
- Hydrogen (H) — in trace H2O and H2SO4 (clouds)
- Argon (Ar), Neon (Ne), Helium (He) — noble gases in trace amounts
- Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Chlorine (Cl), Fluorine (F) — trace halogens and alkalis detected in atmosphere/cloud chemistry
- Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Silicon (Si), Calcium (Ca), Aluminum (Al), Titanium (Ti) — inferred crustal/lava composition from radar and basaltic volcanism analogues